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Antonio Gramsci Battalion
The Antonio Gramsci Battalion was formed on 9 November 1943 from captured Italian soldiers who wished to continue the war by resisting Nazi German forces in Albania. In the beginning its forces amounted to 137 men who chose their own leaders: Terzilio Cardinali (commander), Alfredo d'Angelo (political commisar), Giuseppe Monti (vice commander) and Dominico Bogatai (vice comisar). One Albanian partisan, Sami Kotherja, was also appointed to battalion command. The battalion was composed of two companies.〔Shpresë për popullin, tmerr për armikun : mbi jetën dhe luftën e Brigadës I Sulmuese të Ushtrisë Nacionalc̦lirimtare Shqiptare /Main Author: Plasari, Ndreçi. Language: Albanian, Published: Tirane : Shtëpia Botuese "8 Nëntori", 1977. f. 75-76〕
Their first battle against the Germans took place on 15 of November 1943 in Berat. After the capitulation of Italy the city of Berat was under the control of the Albanian partisans. Italian forces were not used to partisan tactics and while German forces attacked the city, the battalion forces remained static in their positions giving the Germans the opportunity to encircle them. After five hours of fierce fighting, they managed to break through German lines with great losses. The Germans executed the wounded and the prisoners they could take from the battalion.
After this battle the effectives were filled with other Italians which wanted to fight against Germans. During 1943-1944, the Antonio Gramsci Battalion remained an integral part of Partisan First Shock Brigade, which was considered a corps d'elite of partisan army.〔Albania at war, 1939-1945 Author Bernd Jürgen Fischer Edition illustrated Publisher C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 1999 ISBN 1-85065-531-6, ISBN 978-1-85065-531-2 page 196〕〔Albania's national liberation struggle: the bitter victory Author
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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